Training Your Dog not to Chew
Make sure there are no medical causes of the chewing behavior. In some cases, dogs chew as a coping behavior when they suffer from psychological problems (like anxiety). Likewise, if your dog is affected by certain parasites or nutritional deficiencies, they may be compelled to chew all sorts of things. Because of this, consider taking your dog to a veterinarian or animal behaviorist for an expert diagnosis and a suitable treatment plan, especially if the chewing is accompanied by other symptoms, such as weight loss, gastrointestinal problems, or abnormal behavior.
Avoid using negative reinforcement to discourage "bad" chewing. Negative reinforcement means to scold the dog (like saying, "bad dog!") or to punish it. This is an outdated training method which is no longer thought to be effective or kind towards the dog. Instead, to discourage your dog from chewing things they shouldn’t, quickly take the object away from them and immediately replace it with something they can chew. For instance, if your dog has a piece, give them something appropriate to chew (like a treat or toy) and praise them. The dog will soon learn what they can and cannot chew, and without you ever having to scold or punish them. If your dog runs away with the object, don’t chase them. Many dogs will interpret this as play behavior, and think of it as a reward. Never hit or beat your dog. Most animal societies recommend against using corporal punishment. Moreover, it can lead to other problem behaviors triggered by anxiety. Never scold or punish your dog after the fact. This is totally ineffective because the dog will not be able to associate the inappropriate action with the negative reinforcement.
Use positive reinforcement to encourage "good" chewing. If you find your dog chewing on something appropriate, approach them calmly and give them enthusiastic, happy praise (using phrases like “good boy!”). You can also offer your dog a small treat. Offering praise and treats in this way is positive reinforcement that will encourage good behavior. Pairing the desired action (in this case, chewing appropriately) with praise and food associates the action with feelings of pleasure and satisfaction in the dog’s mind. With consistent training, the good behavior itself becomes its own reward. Try rewarding your dog with a treat when they're not doing anything. That way, the dog will begin to understand that a calm dog is a good dog, and they're more likely to enjoy just hanging out. That could make them less inclined to look for things to chew.
Use deterrent sprays. Dogs are much less likely to chew on things with tastes that they find unpleasant. Thus, you can discourage your dog from chewing on certain things by rubbing or spraying them with bad-tasting substances. Deterrent sprays in unpleasant flavors like bitter apple are available from pet supply stores. In addition, you can spray a weak solution of a common unpleasant-tasting substance (white vinegar, hot sauce, cayenne pepper, lemon juice, etc.) mixed with water. Always use a non-toxic substance. Never try to deter your dog from chewing with a substance that can cause harm or illness. This technique works best if your dog has a habit of chewing a particular object, or something immobile. For instance, you can spray chair legs with a bitter apple flavor if your dog has a habit of chewing on them. This method is not fool-proof; some dogs will chew even if the item tastes bad.
Giving Your Dog Healthy Alternatives
Encourage good chewing by providing your dog with toys and treats. If you provide your dog with acceptable things to chew on, they will have fewer incentives to chew inappropriate objects. Make sure that your dog has a supply of toys and treats available to them wherever they go. That way, whenever they has the urge to chew, you can offer them something appropriate, or they can find something on their own. Good choices include: Rawhide treats Chewing strips Teething rings Ropes Squeaky toys Raw bones (but no raw bones that can be a choking hazard, such as chicken bones) Kong toys (which can be filled with food)
Give teething dogs soothing treats. Like human babies, young puppies go through a period of "teething" as their teeth come in. This can lead young dogs to chew incessantly, even when they're otherwise well-trained. To help with teething, try freezing a wet washcloth and giving it to your puppy to soothe the soreness caused by the teeth coming in.
Make sure to spend time with your dog. Domestic dogs are social creatures that have evolved to be accustomed to contact with humans as well as with other dogs. If they become bored or are kept from contact with other dogs, some dogs can resort to destructive coping behavior, including chewing. Give your dog a chance to meet and play with other dogs, such as at a dog park.
Play with your dog and keep it interested in new things. Dogs don't just want toys; they want fun, happy interactions with the people in their family! Be sure to take the time to play with your dog a little bit every day, especially if they've been chewing. Just twenty minutes or so of play per day can go a long way towards expending a dog's excess energy and calming it down. Lots of play and exercise can tire your dog in a safe and beneficial way so that they don't expend extra energy on inappropriate chewing. Dog classes are available in many areas. These are an opportunity for pets and owners to practice together to help a dog learn new tricks or behavior. Keeping your dog active in this way can discourage excessive chewing.
Preventing Damage to Your Possessions
Keep objects you don’t want your dog chewing out of their reach. Prevention can be the easiest way to stop your dog from chewing inappropriately, so remove any temptations. Place objects your dog likes to chew (or might chew) out of their reach: in a cabinet, high off the floor, in a bag or box, etc. Objects such as remote controls, shoes, and books are common temptations for dogs that like to chew. Poisonous plants, electrical cords, cleaners, and any other hazardous objects should also be kept out of your dog’s reach.
Don’t offer your dog confusing items to chew. Your dog may not understand if you offer them items to chew that are very similar to items you do not want them chewing. For instance, if you offer your dog an old shoe to chew on, they might be confused about why you don’t want them to chew on your new shoes. For the best chance of reducing your dog’s inappropriate chewing behavior (and saving your possessions), and avoid treats and toys that resemble things you don’t want them to chew.
Supervise your dog, and keep them separated from things you don’t want it to chew, if necessary. You may notice that your dog resorts to chewing when you are not around. If this is the case, you may consider keeping them confined in a pen, dog crate, or other area while you are gone. You can also use baby gates to keep a dog out of rooms or areas that contain items they're tempted to chew. In addition, you can supervise your dog while you are at home. Even keeping your dog on a leash while you are at home to ensure they doesn’t chew inappropriately can help condition it and encourage positive behavior over time.
Teach your dog the "leave it" command. If you're willing to put in a little extra time and effort, it's possible to teach your dog a handy command that can save your possessions in cases where you catch the dog chewing on them. To teach this command, use the following steps: Get two small treats and hide one in each fist. Get the dog's attention with one treat, then sharply tell your dog, "leave it" (referring to the object it is chewing). Don't let the dog have the treat. Let them sniff and lick at your hand, but don't let the treat go. Ignore your dog if they start to bark or whine. As soon as they lose interest in your hand, however, offer it the treat from the other hand and give them lavish praise. Repeat this process until your dog moves away from your hand as soon as you say "leave it." This teaches your dog that ignoring whatever they want to bite or chew on is better than chewing on that thing. Be persistent; do this over and over, and your dog should get the hang of this command.
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